جیمز ویب اسپیس ٹیلی سکوپ (JWST)، خلائی observatory designed to conduct infrared astronomy and launched successfully on 25 December 2021 will enable two research teams to study earliest galaxies in the کائنات. The research teams will use جے ڈبلیو ایس ٹی’s powerful instruments (NIRISS, NIRCam and NIRSpec) to capture and characterize some of the earliest galaxies.
The Next Generation Deep Extragalactic Exploratory Public (NGDEEP) Survey will target ہبل Ultra Deep Field by pointing telescope’s Near-Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) on the primary ہبل Ultra Deep Field and Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) on the parallel field. The two instruments NIRISS and NIRCam will capture infrared light (redshifted due to expansion of کائنات). The data will be released immediately to benefit the researchers.
NGDEEP team will also identify metal elements in the early galaxies especially in smaller and dimmer ones that haven’t yet been thoroughly studied so far. Study of metal contents of galaxies is standard way to trace evolution across cosmic time. There were only hydrogen and helium in the beginning of the کائنات. New elements were formed by successive generations of ستاروں. Studying metal contents of galaxies will help to plot out precisely when various elements existed and update models that project how galaxies evolved in the early کائنات.
The other research team will examine the primary ہبل Ultra Deep Field using the microshutter array within the telescope’s Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec). This will provide first large sample of earliest galaxies that existed in the early کائنات enabling researchers to understand them in detail.
The story of study of ابتدائی کائنات began in 1995 with the decision to focus ہبل خلا Telescope (HST) on nothing in the hitherto unexplored field in the sky. ہبل captured about 3000 images of galaxies at different stages of stellar evolution. Better known as ہبل Deep Field, these images were first pictures of early galaxies and revolutionised the field of astronomy.
As a successor of ہبل خلائی telescope (HST), جیمز ویب اسپیس ٹیلی سکوپ (JWST) is carrying forward the ہبل ابتدائی کے مطالعہ کے علاقے میں دوربین کی میراث کائنات. Webb telescope aims to search for light from the first ستاروں and galaxies that formed in the کائنات after the Big Bang to study the formation and evolution of galaxies, to understand the formation of ستاروں اور گرہوں systems and to study گرہوں systems and the origins of life.
جلدی کائنات in the first several hundred million years after the big bang was a very different place. It was semi-opaque. This is when the first galaxies in the کائنات were beginning to form. Many distant galaxies have been spotted by the telescopes but none earlier than 400 million years after the big bang. What were galaxies that existed even earlier like? The above mentioned, two research teams will answer just this by revealing details of the earliest chapters of کہکشاں ارتقاء۔
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ذرائع کے مطابق:
- NASA 2022. NASA's Webb to uncover Riches of the Early Universe، 22 جون 2022 کو شائع ہوا۔ آن لائن دستیاب https://webbtelescope.org/contents/news-releases/2022/news-2022-015.html 23 جون 2022 کو حاصل ہوا۔
- پرساد یو، 2021۔ جیمز ویب اسپیس ٹیلی سکوپ (جے ڈبلیو ایس ٹی): ابتدائی کائنات کے مطالعہ کے لیے وقف پہلی خلائی رصد گاہ۔ سائنسی یورپی. 6 نومبر 2021 کو شائع ہوا۔ آن لائن دستیاب ہے۔ http://scientificeuropean.co.uk/sciences/space/james-webb-space-telescope-jwst-the-first-space-observatory-dedicated-to-the-study-of-early-universe/
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